Permits to purchase guns may soon be required in Washington

Guns for rent at the Bellevue Indoor Gun Range on Monday, Aug. 22, 2022. (Amanda Snyder/Cascade PBS)
Gun buyers may soon need a permit and safety training to purchase a firearm in Washington.
House Bill 1163 is one step away from becoming a law after passing the Legislature on Tuesday. It now awaits a signature from Gov. Bob Ferguson, who has pushed for gun safety laws in the past.
Under the proposed policy, which would go into effect May 2027, any resident wishing to purchase a gun would be required to first apply for a permit, then pay a fee and show documentation of having completed a safety training program within five years. The training must include live-fire shooting exercises and a demonstration of safely handling a firearm.
The proposal sparked tensions this session between gun safety advocates, who said the legislation would reduce the state’s suicide and homicide rates, and gun rights supporters, who said it would infringe on Second Amendment rights.
The bill passed the House and the Senate along party lines, with only Democrats supporting it.
Bill sponsor Rep. Liz Berry, D-Seattle, said permit-to-purchase programs save lives.
“They make sure guns don’t get into the hands of the wrong people, they make sure that guns aren’t diverted to black markets, and they prevent crime,” she said during a floor debate Tuesday.
But Rep. Jim Walsh, R-Aberdeen, disagreed, calling the bill an unconstitutional “scheme” to test gun owners at their own personal cost.
The new system would require the Washington State Patrol to approve permits within 30 days of application, or within 60 days for applicants without valid state ID. The state could not issue a permit to anyone who has been prohibited from purchasing a firearm under state or federal law, awaiting a trial for a felony or with an outstanding warrant.
Law enforcement, members of the military, private investigators, security guards and tribal law officers would all be exempt from the training requirement.
Thirteen other states have laws requiring permits to purchase certain firearms.
The Legislature’s proposal has garnered support from Attorney General Nick Brown, who testified in favor of the policy in a Senate Committee hearing in March.
“Through background checks, training, and other safety steps, we can make meaningful use of the critical time between someone’s choice to purchase a firearm and when they obtain that weapon,” Brown said.
The permit-to-purchase proposal is the only gun safety bill that has made it through both chambers of the Legislature this session. Other policies were proposed to require owners to lock up their guns when in vehicles or homes, limit bulk purchases of guns and ammunition and restrict where gun owners can openly carry their weapons. But none made it through this session.